Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory, sentence 9

Tusks are very long front teeth made of ivory that keep growing all through the elephant's life, but a tusk pulled out at the root never grows back.

Who acts: Tusks, long front teeth, root · What happens: be, make, keep, grow, pull out, not grow back · To what, where: long front teeth, all, life, tusk, root

This is a sentence of the lesson «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tusks, long front teeth, root), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 teeth	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 teeth	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 long	advmod
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 teeth	amod
5	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 teeth	amod
6	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 teeth	acl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 ivory	case
9	ivory	ivory	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 made	obl
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 keep	nsubj
11	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 teeth	acl:relcl
12	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 keep	xcomp
13	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 growing	obj
14	through	through	ADP	_	18 life	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 elephant	det
16	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 life	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 elephant	case
18	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 growing	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 pulled	punct
20	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 pulled	cc
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 tusk	det
22	tusk	tusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 pulled	nsubj:pass
23	pulled	pull	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 teeth	conj
24	out	out	ADP	_	23 pulled	compound:prt
25	at	at	ADP	_	27 root	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 root	det
27	root	root	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 pulled	obl
28	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	29 grows	advmod
29	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 root	acl:relcl
30	back	back	ADV	_	29 grows	advmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 teeth	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Tusks	long front teeth			tree rules
2	make	participle		long front teeth not said here		of ivory	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
3	keep	present	long front teeth				tree rules
4	grow	gerund	long front teeth not said here	all	the elephant's life		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location all=Theme
5	pull out	participle · passive		a tusk	the root		tree rules
6	not grow back	present	the root not said here				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:022-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/9/