Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs, sentence 6

Homing pigeons can find their way back to their loft from hundreds of kilometres away; in the First World War a pigeon called Cher Ami carried a message that helped save nearly two hundred soldiers.

Who acts: Homing pigeons, pigeon, message · What happens: home, find, call, carry, help, save · To what, where: way, pigeon, message, First World War, hundred soldiers · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Homing pigeons, pigeon, message), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Homing	home	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 pigeons	amod
2	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 find	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 find	aux
4	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 way	nmod:poss
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 find	obj
7	back	back	ADV	_	10 loft	advmod
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 loft	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 loft	nmod:poss
10	loft	loft	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 find	obl
11	from	from	ADP	_	12 hundreds	case
12	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 loft	nmod
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 kilometres	case
14	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 hundreds	nmod
15	away	away	ADV	_	14 kilometres	advmod
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 War	punct
17	in	in	ADP	_	21 War	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 War	det
19	First	First	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	21 War	amod
20	World	World	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 War	compound
21	War	War	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 carried	obl
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 pigeon	det
23	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 carried	nsubj
24	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 pigeon	acl
25	Cher	Cher	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 called	xcomp
26	Ami	Ami	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Cher	flat
27	carried	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 find	parataxis
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 message	det
29	message	message	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 carried	obj
30	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	31 helped	nsubj
31	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 message	acl:relcl
32	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 helped	xcomp
33	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	35 hundred	advmod
34	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	35 hundred	compound
35	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	36 soldiers	nummod
36	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 save	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 find	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	home	gerund					tree rules
2	find	can	Homing pigeons	pigeons's way		to pigeons's loft from hundreds of kilometres	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic
3	call	participle		a pigeon not said here			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	carry	past	a pigeon	a message	the First World War		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent message=Value in war=Location
5	help	past	a message				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
6	save	infinitive	a message not said here	hundred soldiers			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/6/