Rats and mice in the city, and the elephant and mouse myth, sentence 12

Real rats have a superb sense of smell and taste, and they learn which foods are safe by smelling the breath of other rats.

Who acts: Real rats, rats, foods · What happens: have, learn, be, smell, sense · To what, where: superb sense, breath, smell · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rats and mice in the city, and the elephant and mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Real rats, rats, foods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 rats	amod
2	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 sense	det
5	superb	superb	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sense	amod
6	sense	sense	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 smell	case
8	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sense	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 taste	cc
10	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 smell	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 learn	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 learn	cc
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 learn	nsubj
14	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	conj
15	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	16 foods	det
16	foods	food	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 safe	nsubj
17	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 safe	cop
18	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 learn	ccomp
19	by	by	SCONJ	_	20 smelling	mark
20	smelling	smell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 safe	advcl
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 breath	det
22	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 smelling	obj
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 rats	case
24	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 rats	amod
25	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 breath	nmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Real rats	a superb sense of smell and taste		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sense=Patient
2	learn	present	rats = rat			vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	which foods		safe property	tree rules
4	smell	gerund	which foods not said here	the breath of other rats		vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer breath=Stimulus
5	sense			smell and taste		nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth/12/