Gulls: chip thieves, rain dances and salty water, sentence 14

Herring gulls seem to be everywhere in towns, but in the wild their numbers have fallen, and in Britain they are a protected species.

Who acts: Herring gulls, numbers · What happens: seem, be, fall, protect · To what, where: towns, wild, protected species, Britain

This is a sentence of the lesson «Gulls: chip thieves, rain dances and salty water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Herring gulls, numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Herring	herring	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gulls	compound
2	gulls	gull	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 seem	nsubj
3	seem	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	8 towns	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 towns	cop
6	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	8 towns	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 towns	case
8	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 seem	xcomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 fallen	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	17 fallen	cc
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 wild	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 wild	det
13	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 fallen	obl
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 numbers	nmod:poss
15	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 fallen	nsubj
16	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 fallen	aux
17	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 seem	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 species	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 species	cc
20	in	in	ADP	_	21 Britain	case
21	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 species	obl
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 species	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 species	cop
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 species	det
25	protected	protect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 species	amod
26	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 seem	conj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 seem	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	seem	present	Herring gulls				vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme
2	is	to-infinitive	Herring gulls not said here		towns	everywhere property	tree rules
3	fall	present · perfect	towns's numbers		the wild		vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in wild=Location
4	protect	participle					vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
5	is a	present	numbers = number	a protected species	Britain		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:223-gulls-chip-thieves-rain-dances-and-salty-water.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/223-gulls-chip-thieves-rain-dances-and-salty-water/14/