Raccoons, opossums and skunks, sentence 2

The opossum is a marsupial, like a kangaroo: its babies grow in a pouch and then ride on their mother's back, and when it is badly frightened it falls down, goes stiff and gives off a nasty smell, which is called playing possum.

Who acts: opossum, babies · What happens: be, grow, ride, frighten, fall down, go · To what, where: marsupial, pouch, back, opossum, nasty smell, possum · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Raccoons, opossums and skunks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (opossum, babies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 opossum	det
2	opossum	opossum	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 marsupial	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 marsupial	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 marsupial	det
5	marsupial	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 kangaroo	punct
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 kangaroo	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 kangaroo	det
9	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 marsupial	appos
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 grow	punct
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 babies	nmod:poss
12	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 grow	nsubj
13	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 kangaroo	conj
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 pouch	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 pouch	det
16	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 grow	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 ride	cc
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 ride	advmod
19	ride	ride	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 grow	conj
20	on	on	ADP	_	24 back	case
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 mother	nmod:poss
22	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 back	nmod:poss
23	's	's	PART	_	22 mother	case
24	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 ride	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 frightened	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 frightened	cc
27	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	31 frightened	advmod
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 frightened	nsubj:pass
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 frightened	aux:pass
30	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	31 frightened	advmod
31	frightened	frighten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 falls	advcl
32	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 falls	nsubj
33	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 marsupial	parataxis
34	down	down	ADP	_	33 falls	compound:prt
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 goes	punct
36	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 falls	conj
37	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 goes	xcomp
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 gives	cc
39	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 falls	conj
40	off	off	ADP	_	39 gives	compound:prt
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	43 smell	det
42	nasty	nasty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 smell	amod
43	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 gives	obj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 called	punct
45	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	47 called	nsubj:pass
46	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	47 called	aux:pass
47	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	43 smell	acl:relcl
48	playing	play	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	47 called	xcomp
49	possum	possum	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 playing	obj
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 marsupial	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the opossum	a marsupial				tree rules
2	grow	present	opossum's babies		a pouch			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location
3	ride	present	opossum's babies not said here		babies's mother's back	then		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
4	frighten	present · passive		opossum			badly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
5	fall down	present	opossum					vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	go	present	opossum not said here				stiff property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	give off	present	opossum not said here	a nasty smell				vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source smell=Theme
8	call	present · passive		a nasty smell				tree rules
9	play	gerund		possum				vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent possum=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks/2/