Raccoons, opossums and skunks, sentence 3

The skunk does not attack without warning: it stamps, raises its tail and only then sprays a liquid so smelly that a dog will remember it for life.

Who acts: skunk, dog · What happens: not attack, stamp, raise, spray, remember · To what, where: tail, liquid

This is a sentence of the lesson «Raccoons, opossums and skunks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (skunk, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 skunk	det
2	skunk	skunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 attack	nsubj
3	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 attack	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 attack	advmod
5	attack	attack	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	without	without	ADP	_	7 warning	case
7	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 attack	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 stamps	punct
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 stamps	nsubj
10	stamps	stamp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 attack	parataxis
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 raises	punct
12	raises	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 stamps	conj
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 tail	nmod:poss
14	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 raises	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 sprays	cc
16	only	only	ADV	_	18 sprays	advmod
17	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	18 sprays	advmod
18	sprays	spray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 attack	conj
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 liquid	det
20	liquid	liquid	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 sprays	obj
21	so	so	ADV	_	22 smelly	advmod
22	smelly	smelly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 liquid	amod
23	that	that	SCONJ	_	27 remember	mark
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 dog	det
25	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 remember	nsubj
26	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 remember	aux
27	remember	remember	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 smelly	advcl
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 remember	obj
29	for	for	ADP	_	30 life	case
30	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 remember	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 attack	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	not attack	present · do-support	the skunk			without warning	vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	stamp	present	skunk				vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	raise	present	skunk not said here	skunk's tail			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme
4	spray	present	the skunk not said here	a liquid	then		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent liquid=Theme
5	remember	future	a dog	liquid		for life	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks/3/