Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans, sentence 0

Bats are not the only animals that find their way with echoes; dolphins, many whales, some cave birds, shrews and even some blind people do it too.

Who acts: Bats, only animals, dolphins · What happens: not be, find, do · To what, where: only animals, way

This is a sentence of the lesson «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, only animals, dolphins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 animals	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 animals	cop
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 animals	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 animals	det
5	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 animals	amod
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 do	parataxis
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 find	nsubj
8	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 animals	acl:relcl
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 way	nmod:poss
10	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 find	obj
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 echoes	case
12	echoes	echo	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 find	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 animals	punct
14	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 do	nsubj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 whales	punct
16	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 whales	amod
17	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 dolphins	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 birds	punct
19	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	21 birds	det
20	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 birds	compound
21	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 dolphins	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 shrews	punct
23	shrews	shrew	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 dolphins	conj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 people	cc
25	even	even	ADV	_	28 people	advmod
26	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	28 people	det
27	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 people	amod
28	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 dolphins	conj
29	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
30	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 do	obj
31	too	too	ADV	_	29 do	advmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 animals	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	Bats	the only animals		tree rules
2	find	present	the only animals	Bats's way	with echoes	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic
3	do	present	dolphins and many whales and some cave birds and shrews and some blind people	way		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/0/