Hidden senses: magnetic birds and turtles, ultraviolet bees, heat-seeing snakes, whiskers and lateral lines, sentence 14
Mantis shrimps have up to 16 kinds of colour cells compared with our 3, yet tests found they are not better than us at telling close colours apart.
Who acts: Mantis shrimps, tests · What happens: have up, compare, find, not be, tell · To what, where: 16 kinds, colour cells, close colours · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Hidden senses: magnetic birds and turtles, ultraviolet bees, heat-seeing snakes, whiskers and lateral lines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mantis shrimps, tests), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mantis | mantis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 shrimps | compound |
| 2 | shrimps | shrimp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADV | _ | 6 16 | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 kinds | case |
| 6 | 16 | 16 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 kinds | nummod |
| 7 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 cells | case |
| 9 | colour | colour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cells | compound |
| 10 | cells | cell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 kinds | nmod |
| 11 | compared | compare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 cells | acl |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 3 | case |
| 13 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 3 | nmod:poss |
| 14 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 compared | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 found | punct |
| 16 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 18 found | cc |
| 17 | tests | test | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 found | nsubj |
| 18 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | conj |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 better | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 better | cop |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 better | advmod |
| 22 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 18 found | ccomp |
| 23 | than | than | ADP | _ | 24 us | case |
| 24 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 better | obl |
| 25 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 26 telling | mark |
| 26 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 better | advcl |
| 27 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 colours | amod |
| 28 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 telling | obj |
| 29 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 26 telling | advmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have up | present | Mantis shrimps | 16 kinds of colour cells | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Patient | ||||
| 2 | compare | participle | colour cells not said here | with our 3 | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with 3=Co-Patient | ||||
| 3 | find | past | tests | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not is | present | tests = test | than us; good property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | gerund | tests = test not said here | close colours | apart property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent colour=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:232-hidden-senses-magnetic-birds-ultraviolet-bees-heat-seeing-snakes.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/232-hidden-senses-magnetic-birds-ultraviolet-bees-heat-seeing-snakes/14/