Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots, sentence 3

Clever birds make tools, plan ahead, remember thousands of hiding places and recognise faces, and they learn from watching others.

Who acts: Clever birds, birds · What happens: make, plan, remember, recognise, learn, watch · To what, where: tools, thousands, faces, others

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Clever birds, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 birds	amod
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 plan	punct
6	plan	plan	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 make	conj
7	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	6 plan	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 remember	punct
9	remember	remember	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 make	conj
10	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 remember	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 places	case
12	hiding	hiding	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 places	compound
13	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 thousands	nmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 recognise	cc
15	recognise	recognise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 remember	conj
16	faces	face	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 recognise	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 learn	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 learn	cc
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 learn	nsubj
20	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 make	conj
21	from	from	SCONJ	_	22 watching	mark
22	watching	watch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 learn	advcl
23	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 watching	obj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 make	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	make	present	Clever birds	tools		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tool=Product
2	plan	present	Clever birds not said here		ahead property	vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
3	remember	infinitive	Clever birds not said here	thousands of hiding places		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent thousand=Theme
4	recognise	present	Clever birds not said here	faces		vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus
5	learn	present	birds = bird			vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	watch	gerund	birds = bird not said here	others		vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots/3/