Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver, sentence 14

An octopus has three hearts and blue blood, because its blood uses copper instead of iron to carry oxygen; its cousin the squid has three hearts too.

Who acts: octopus, blood, cousin · What happens: have, use, carry · To what, where: three hearts, copper, oxygen

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (octopus, blood, cousin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 octopus	det
2	octopus	octopus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 hearts	nummod
5	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 blood	cc
7	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 blood	amod
8	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hearts	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 uses	punct
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 uses	mark
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 blood	nmod:poss
12	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 uses	nsubj
13	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 has	advcl
14	copper	copper	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 uses	obj
15	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	17 iron	case
16	of	of	ADP	_	15 instead	fixed
17	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 uses	obl
18	to	to	PART	_	19 carry	mark
19	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 uses	advcl
20	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 carry	obj
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 has	punct
22	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 cousin	nmod:poss
23	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 has	nsubj
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 squid	det
25	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 cousin	appos
26	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 has	parataxis
27	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 hearts	nummod
28	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 has	obj
29	too	too	ADV	_	26 has	advmod
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	a octopus	three hearts and blue blood		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
2	use	present	octopus's blood	copper	instead iron	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent copper=Patient
3	carry	to-infinitive	octopus's blood not said here	oxygen		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme
4	have	present	octopus's cousin	three hearts		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver/14/