Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and do cats really chase mice?), sentence 7
A border collie called Chaser learned the names of over 1,000 toys and worked out that a new name meant the toy she did not know; most dogs learn only a few.
Who acts: border collie, new name, collie, most dogs · What happens: call, learn, work out, mean, not know, name · To what, where: border collie, names, toy, few, 1,000 toys · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and do cats really chase mice?)» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (border collie, new name, collie, most dogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 collie | det |
| 2 | border | border | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 collie | compound |
| 3 | collie | collie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 learned | nsubj |
| 4 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 collie | acl |
| 5 | Chaser | chaser | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 called | xcomp |
| 6 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 names | det |
| 8 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 learned | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 toys | case |
| 10 | over | over | ADV | _ | 11 1,000 | advmod |
| 11 | 1,000 | 1000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 toys | nummod |
| 12 | toys | toy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 names | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 worked | cc |
| 14 | worked | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 learned | conj |
| 15 | out | out | ADP | _ | 14 worked | compound:prt |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 meant | mark |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 name | det |
| 18 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 name | amod |
| 19 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 meant | nsubj |
| 20 | meant | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 worked | ccomp |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 toy | det |
| 22 | toy | toy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 meant | obj |
| 23 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 know | nsubj |
| 24 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 know | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 know | advmod |
| 26 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 toy | acl:relcl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 learn | punct |
| 28 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 29 dogs | amod |
| 29 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 learn | nsubj |
| 30 | learn | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 learned | parataxis |
| 31 | only | only | ADV | _ | 33 few | advmod |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 few | det |
| 33 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 learn | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 learned | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | a border collie not said here | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | learn | past | a border collie | the names of 1,000 toys | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic | ||||
| 3 | work out | past | a border collie not said here | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | mean | past | a new name | the toy | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Topic | ||||
| 5 | not know | past · do-support | collie | the toy not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer toy=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | learn | present | most dogs | a few | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent few=Topic | ||||
| 7 | name | 1,000 toys | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:237-animal-minds-what-dogs-and-cats-feel-and-understand-and-do-cats-really-chase-mice.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/237-animal-minds-what-dogs-and-cats-feel-and-understand-and-do-cats-really-chase-mice/7/