Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges, sentence 9
Some ants guard aphids from ladybirds and stroke them for sweet honeydew, and some keep aphid eggs in the nest over winter.
Who acts: ants, some · What happens: guard, stroke, keep · To what, where: aphids, aphid eggs, nest
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ants, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 ants | det |
| 2 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 guard | nsubj |
| 3 | guard | guard | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | aphids | aphid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 guard | obj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 ladybirds | case |
| 6 | ladybirds | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 guard | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 stroke | cc |
| 8 | stroke | stroke | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 guard | conj |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 stroke | obj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 honeydew | case |
| 11 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 honeydew | amod |
| 12 | honeydew | honeydew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 stroke | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 keep | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 keep | cc |
| 15 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 keep | nsubj |
| 16 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 guard | conj |
| 17 | aphid | aphid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 eggs | amod |
| 18 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 keep | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 nest | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 nest | det |
| 21 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 keep | obl |
| 22 | over | over | ADP | _ | 23 winter | case |
| 23 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 keep | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 guard | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | guard | present | some ants | aphids | from ladybirds | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent aphid=Beneficiary from ladybird=Theme | |||
| 2 | stroke | present | some ants not said here | aphids = aphid | for sweet honeydew | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | keep | present | some | aphid eggs | the nest | winter | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges/9/