More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' beds and sand circles, sentence 13

Wood ants pile pine needles into domes that can be over a metre high, warmed by the sun and the rotting needles; birds sometimes sit on the nest and let the ants spray acid on their feathers, which may clean pests called parasites off them.

Who acts: Wood ants, domes, birds, ants, feathers, pests · What happens: pile, be, warm, rot, sit, let · To what, where: pine needles, domes, metre, nest, acid, feathers · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' beds and sand circles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wood ants, domes, birds, ants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wood	wood	NOUN	_	2 ants	compound
2	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pile	nsubj
3	pile	pile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	pine	pine	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 needles	compound
5	needles	needle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pile	obj
6	into	into	ADP	_	7 domes	case
7	domes	dome	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pile	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 high	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 high	aux
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 high	cop
11	over	over	ADP	_	13 metre	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 metre	det
13	metre	metre	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 high	obl
14	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 domes	acl:relcl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 warmed	punct
16	warmed	warm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 domes	acl
17	by	by	ADP	_	19 sun	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 sun	det
19	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 warmed	obl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 needles	cc
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 needles	det
22	rotting	rot	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 needles	amod
23	needles	needle	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 sun	conj
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 pile	punct
25	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 sit	nsubj
26	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	27 sit	advmod
27	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pile	parataxis
28	on	on	ADP	_	30 nest	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 nest	det
30	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 sit	obl
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 let	cc
32	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 sit	conj
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 ants	det
34	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 spray	nsubj
35	spray	spray	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 let	xcomp
36	acid	acid	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 spray	obj
37	on	on	ADP	_	39 feathers	case
38	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 feathers	nmod:poss
39	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 spray	obl
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 clean	punct
41	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	43 clean	nsubj
42	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	43 clean	aux
43	clean	clean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 feathers	acl:relcl
44	pests	pest	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 clean	obj
45	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	44 pests	acl
46	parasites	parasite	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 called	obj
47	off	off	ADP	_	48 them	case
48	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 clean	obl
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 pile	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	pile	present	Wood ants	pine needles	domes		vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent needle=Theme into dome=Destination
2	is	can	domes		a metre	high property	tree rules
3	warm	participle		domes not said here		by the sun and the rotting needles	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	rot	gerund					vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	sit	present	birds		the nest	sometimes property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on nest=Location
6	let	present	birds not said here				tree rules
7	spray	infinitive	the ants	acid	ants's feathers		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent acid=Theme on feather=Destination
8	clean	may	ants's feathers	pests		off ants = ant	vn clear-10.3 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent pest=Theme off they=Source
9	call	participle	pests not said here	parasites			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent parasite=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles/13/