Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the platypus, sentence 10
Cone snails shoot a harpoon-like tooth full of venom into fish, and pain medicines have been made from cone snail venom.
Who acts: Cone snails · What happens: shoot, make · To what, where: like tooth, pain medicines, snail venom
This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cone snails), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cone | cone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 snails | compound |
| 2 | snails | snail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 shoot | nsubj |
| 3 | shoot | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 tooth | det |
| 5 | harpoon | harpoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 like | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 harpoon | punct |
| 7 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tooth | amod |
| 8 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shoot | obj |
| 9 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tooth | amod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 venom | case |
| 11 | venom | venom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 full | obl |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 13 fish | case |
| 13 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shoot | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 made | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 made | cc |
| 16 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 medicines | compound |
| 17 | medicines | medicine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 made | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 made | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 made | aux:pass |
| 20 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 shoot | conj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 venom | case |
| 22 | cone | cone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 snail | compound |
| 23 | snail | snail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 venom | compound |
| 24 | venom | venom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 made | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 shoot | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoot | present | Cone snails | a like tooth | into fish | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme into fish=Destination | |||
| 2 | make | present · perfect · passive | pain medicines | snail venom | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from venom=Material |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus/10/