Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?, sentence 1
A lizard leaves its wriggling tail behind for the cat, a squid vanishes in a cloud of ink, a moth flashes two big fake eyes, and an opossum lies so still and smelly that it seems dead.
Who acts: lizard, squid, moth, opossum, it · What happens: leave behind, vanish, flash, lie, seem, cloud · To what, where: wriggling tail, cloud, two big fake eyes, ink
This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lizard, squid, moth, opossum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 lizard | det |
| 2 | lizard | lizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaves | nsubj |
| 3 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 tail | nmod:poss |
| 5 | wriggling | wriggling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tail | compound |
| 6 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaves | obj |
| 7 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 3 leaves | compound:prt |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 cat | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 cat | det |
| 10 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaves | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 vanishes | punct |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 squid | det |
| 13 | squid | squid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 vanishes | nsubj |
| 14 | vanishes | vanish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 leaves | conj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 cloud | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 cloud | det |
| 17 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 vanishes | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 ink | case |
| 19 | ink | ink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 cloud | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 flashes | punct |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 moth | det |
| 22 | moth | moth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 flashes | nsubj |
| 23 | flashes | flash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 leaves | conj |
| 24 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 eyes | nummod |
| 25 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 eyes | amod |
| 26 | fake | fake | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 eyes | amod |
| 27 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 flashes | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 lies | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 lies | cc |
| 30 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 opossum | det |
| 31 | opossum | opossum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lies | nsubj |
| 32 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 leaves | conj |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 still | advmod |
| 34 | still | still | ADV | _ | 36 smelly | advmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 smelly | cc |
| 36 | smelly | smelly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 lies | xcomp |
| 37 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 seems | mark |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 seems | nsubj |
| 39 | seems | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 smelly | advcl |
| 40 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 seems | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leaves | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave behind | present | a lizard | lizard's wriggling tail | for the cat | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent tail=Theme for cat=Recipient | |||
| 2 | vanish | present | a squid | a cloud of ink | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | flash | present | a moth | two big fake eyes | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Theme | ||||
| 4 | lie | present | a opossum | smelly property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | seem | present | it | dead property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | cloud | ink | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/1/