Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?, sentence 5

Ostriches do not bury their heads in sand; they lower their heads to turn eggs in their ground nest or lie flat to hide, and an ostrich can run at about 70 kilometres an hour and kick hard enough to hurt a lion.

Who acts: Ostriches, ostrich · What happens: not bury, lower, turn, lie, hide, run · To what, where: heads, sand, eggs, 70 kilometres, lion

This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ostriches, ostrich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ostriches	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bury	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bury	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 bury	advmod
4	bury	bury	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 heads	nmod:poss
6	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bury	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 sand	case
8	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bury	obl
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 lower	punct
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 lower	nsubj
11	lower	lower	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bury	parataxis
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 heads	nmod:poss
13	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 lower	obj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 turn	mark
15	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 lower	advcl
16	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 turn	obj
17	in	in	ADP	_	20 nest	case
18	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 nest	nmod:poss
19	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 nest	compound
20	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 turn	obl
21	or	or	CCONJ	_	22 lie	cc
22	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 turn	conj
23	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 lie	xcomp
24	to	to	PART	_	25 hide	mark
25	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 lie	advcl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 run	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 run	cc
28	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 ostrich	det
29	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 run	nsubj
30	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 run	aux
31	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 bury	conj
32	at	at	ADP	_	35 kilometres	case
33	about	about	ADV	_	34 70	advmod
34	70	70	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	35 kilometres	nummod
35	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 run	obl
36	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 hour	det
37	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 kilometres	nmod:unmarked
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 kick	cc
39	kick	kick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 run	conj
40	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	39 kick	advmod
41	enough	enough	ADV	_	39 kick	advmod
42	to	to	PART	_	43 hurt	mark
43	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 kick	advcl
44	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	45 lion	det
45	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 hurt	obj
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bury	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not bury	present · do-support	Ostriches	ostriches's heads	sand		vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme in sand=Destination
2	lower	present	ostriches = ostrich	ostriches's heads			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme
3	turn	to-infinitive	ostriches = ostrich not said here	eggs		in ostriches's ground nest	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent egg=Patient in nest=Topic
4	lie	infinitive	ostriches = ostrich not said here			flat property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	hide	to-infinitive	ostriches = ostrich not said here				vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	run	can	a ostrich		70 kilometres a hour		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at kilometre=Trajectory
7	kick	infinitive	a ostrich not said here			enough, hard property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
8	hurt	to-infinitive	a ostrich not said here	a lion			vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lion=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/5/