Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push, sentence 13

Many desert plants, like cactuses, have shallow roots that spread wide to catch rain before it dries, while others grow very deep, and a mesquite root was reported over 50 metres deep.

Who acts: Many desert plants, shallow roots, plant, others · What happens: have, spread, catch, dry, grow, report · To what, where: shallow roots, rain, mesquite root

This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many desert plants, shallow roots, plant, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 plants	amod
2	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plants	compound
3	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 have	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 cactuses	punct
5	like	like	ADP	_	6 cactuses	case
6	cactuses	cactus	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 plants	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 plants	punct
8	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	shallow	shallow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 roots	amod
10	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 have	obj
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 spread	nsubj
12	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 roots	acl:relcl
13	wide	wide	ADV	_	12 spread	advmod
14	to	to	PART	_	15 catch	mark
15	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 spread	advcl
16	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 catch	obj
17	before	before	SCONJ	_	19 dries	mark
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 dries	nsubj
19	dries	dry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 catch	advcl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 grow	punct
21	while	while	SCONJ	_	23 grow	mark
22	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 grow	nsubj
23	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 have	advcl
24	very	very	ADV	_	25 deep	advmod
25	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 grow	xcomp
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 reported	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 reported	cc
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 root	det
29	mesquite	mesquite	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 root	compound
30	root	root	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 reported	nsubj:pass
31	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 reported	aux:pass
32	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 have	conj
33	over	over	ADV	_	34 50	advmod
34	50	50	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	35 metres	nummod
35	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 deep	obl:unmarked
36	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 reported	xcomp
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Many desert plants like cactuses	shallow roots		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent root=Patient
2	spread	present	shallow roots		wide property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	catch	to-infinitive	shallow roots not said here	rain		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme
4	dry	present	plant			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	grow	present	others		deep property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	report	past · passive		a mesquite root	deep property	vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/13/