Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push, sentence 12

Clover, peas and beans have little lumps on their roots full of helpful bacteria that take nitrogen from the air and turn it into plant food, and the plant gives them sugar; farmers plant clover or beans to make the soil richer.

Who acts: Clover, helpful bacteria, plant, farmers · What happens: have, take, turn, give, plant, make · To what, where: little lumps, roots, nitrogen, air, plant food, sugar

This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Clover, helpful bacteria, plant, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Clover	clover	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 have	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 peas	punct
3	peas	pea	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Clover	conj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 beans	cc
5	beans	bean	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 peas	conj
6	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lumps	amod
8	lumps	lump	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 roots	case
10	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 roots	nmod:poss
11	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 lumps	nmod
12	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 roots	amod
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 bacteria	case
14	helpful	helpful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 bacteria	amod
15	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 full	obl
16	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 take	nsubj
17	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 bacteria	acl:relcl
18	nitrogen	nitrogen	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 take	obj
19	from	from	ADP	_	21 air	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 air	det
21	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 take	obl
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 turn	cc
23	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 take	conj
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 turn	obj
25	into	into	ADP	_	27 food	case
26	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 food	compound
27	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 turn	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 gives	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 gives	cc
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 plant	det
31	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 gives	nsubj
32	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 have	conj
33	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 gives	iobj
34	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 gives	obj
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 plant	punct
36	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 plant	nsubj
37	plant	plant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 gives	conj
38	clover	clover	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 plant	obj
39	or	or	CCONJ	_	40 beans	cc
40	beans	bean	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 clover	conj
41	to	to	PART	_	42 make	mark
42	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	37 plant	advcl
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 soil	det
44	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 make	obj
45	richer	rich	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	42 make	xcomp
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	Clover and peas and beans	little lumps		Clover's roots		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lump=Patient
2	take	present	helpful bacteria	nitrogen		the air		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent nitrogen=Theme from air=Initial_Location
3	turn	present	helpful bacteria not said here	nitrogen		plant food		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme into food=Trajectory
4	give	present	the plant	sugar	Clover			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient sugar=Theme
5	plant	present	farmers	clover or beans				vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clover=Patient
6	make	to-infinitive	farmers not said here	the soil			rich property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset soil=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/12/