Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push, sentence 2
Grow a bean in a glass jar and you will see fine white fuzz near the root tip: these root hairs give the root a huge surface for drinking, like a towel with lots of loops soaking up more water than a smooth cloth.
Who acts: you, root hairs, loops · What happens: grow, see, give, soak up · To what, where: bean, glass jar, fine white fuzz, root tip, huge surface, root
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, root hairs, loops), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 bean | det |
| 3 | bean | bean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Grow | obj |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 jar | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 jar | det |
| 6 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 jar | compound |
| 7 | jar | jar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Grow | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 see | cc |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 see | nsubj |
| 10 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 see | aux |
| 11 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Grow | conj |
| 12 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 fuzz | amod |
| 13 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 fuzz | amod |
| 14 | fuzz | fuzz | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 see | obj |
| 15 | near | near | ADP | _ | 18 tip | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 tip | det |
| 17 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 tip | compound |
| 18 | tip | tip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 fuzz | nmod |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 give | punct |
| 20 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 22 hairs | det |
| 21 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hairs | compound |
| 22 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 give | nsubj |
| 23 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Grow | parataxis |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 root | det |
| 25 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 give | iobj |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 surface | det |
| 27 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 surface | amod |
| 28 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 give | obj |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 drinking | case |
| 30 | drinking | drinking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 surface | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 towel | punct |
| 32 | like | like | ADP | _ | 34 towel | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 towel | det |
| 34 | towel | towel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 drinking | obl |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 lots | case |
| 36 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 towel | nmod |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 loops | case |
| 38 | loops | loop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 lots | nmod |
| 39 | soaking | soak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 loops | acl |
| 40 | up | up | ADP | _ | 39 soaking | compound:prt |
| 41 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 42 water | amod |
| 42 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 soaking | obj |
| 43 | than | than | ADP | _ | 46 cloth | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 cloth | det |
| 45 | smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 cloth | amod |
| 46 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 water | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Grow | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | imperative | you not said here | a bean | a glass jar | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bean=Theme | |||
| 2 | see | future | you | fine white fuzz | the root tip | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fuzz=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | give | present | this root hairs | a huge surface | the root | for drinking | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent root=Recipient surface=Theme for drinking=Asset | ||
| 4 | soak up | gerund | loops not said here | more water | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent water=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×5. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/2/