Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push, sentence 6
Root hairs are tiny tubes near the root tip that greatly increase the surface for taking in water; each lives only a few days, and new ones keep growing near the tip.
Who acts: Root hairs, tiny tubes, each, new ones · What happens: be, increase, take, live, keep, grow · To what, where: tiny tubes, root tip, surface, water, tip
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Root hairs, tiny tubes, each, new ones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hairs | compound |
| 2 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 tubes | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 tubes | cop |
| 4 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 tubes | amod |
| 5 | tubes | tube | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | near | near | ADP | _ | 9 tip | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 tip | det |
| 8 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 tip | compound |
| 9 | tip | tip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tubes | nmod |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 increase | nsubj |
| 11 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 12 increase | advmod |
| 12 | increase | increase | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 tubes | acl:relcl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 surface | det |
| 14 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 increase | obj |
| 15 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 16 taking | mark |
| 16 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 increase | advcl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 water | case |
| 18 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 taking | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 5 tubes | punct |
| 20 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 lives | nsubj |
| 21 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 tubes | parataxis |
| 22 | only | only | ADV | _ | 25 days | advmod |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 days | det |
| 24 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 days | amod |
| 25 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 lives | obl:unmarked |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 keep | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 keep | cc |
| 28 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 ones | amod |
| 29 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 keep | nsubj |
| 30 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 lives | conj |
| 31 | growing | grow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 keep | xcomp |
| 32 | near | near | ADP | _ | 34 tip | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 tip | det |
| 34 | tip | tip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 growing | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 tubes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Root hairs | tiny tubes | the root tip | tree rules | |||
| 2 | increase | present | tiny tubes | the surface | greatly property | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer surface=Patient | |||
| 3 | take | gerund | tiny tubes not said here | water | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location | ||||
| 4 | live | present | each | day | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | keep | present | new ones | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | grow | gerund | new ones not said here | the tip | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near tip=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/6/