Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air, sentence 11
In autumn many trees stop making green chlorophyll and take it back, so yellow and orange colours, there all along, show through; reds are made fresh, brightest after sunny days and cold nights.
Who acts: many trees · What happens: stop, make, take back, show through · To what, where: yellow colours, green chlorophyll, tree, reds
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 autumn | case |
| 2 | autumn | autumn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stop | obl |
| 3 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 trees | amod |
| 4 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 stop | nsubj |
| 5 | stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 stop | xcomp |
| 7 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 chlorophyll | amod |
| 8 | chlorophyll | chlorophyll | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 making | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 take | cc |
| 10 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 stop | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 take | obj |
| 12 | back | back | ADV | _ | 10 take | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 yellow | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 yellow | advmod |
| 15 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 colours | amod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 orange | cc |
| 17 | orange | orange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 yellow | conj |
| 18 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 stop | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 stop | punct |
| 20 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 22 along | expl |
| 21 | all | all | ADV | _ | 22 along | advmod |
| 22 | along | along | ADV | _ | 5 stop | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 show | punct |
| 24 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 stop | parataxis |
| 25 | through | through | ADP | _ | 24 show | compound:prt |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 5 stop | punct |
| 27 | reds | red | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 made | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 made | aux:pass |
| 29 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 show | conj |
| 30 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 made | xcomp |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 brightest | punct |
| 32 | brightest | bright | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 29 made | xcomp |
| 33 | after | after | ADP | _ | 35 days | case |
| 34 | sunny | sunny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 days | amod |
| 35 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 brightest | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 nights | cc |
| 37 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 nights | amod |
| 38 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 days | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 stop | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | present | many trees | yellow colours | autumn | along property | tree rules | ||
| 2 | make | gerund | many trees not said here | green chlorophyll | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset chlorophyll=Product | ||||
| 3 | take back | infinitive | many trees not said here | tree | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | show through | present | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | make | present · passive | reds | bright, fresh property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/11/