Plants deeper: do trees talk? Fungi, warning smells and giant clones, sentence 16
In an experiment, a small mustard-like plant made more defence chemicals after hearing a recording of caterpillars chewing; plants have no ears but can respond to vibrations.
Who acts: small like plant, caterpillars, plants · What happens: make, hear, chew, have, respond · To what, where: more defence chemicals, experiment, recording, ears
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: do trees talk? Fungi, warning smells and giant clones» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small like plant, caterpillars, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 experiment | case |
| 2 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 experiment | det |
| 3 | experiment | experiment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 experiment | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 plant | det |
| 6 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 plant | amod |
| 7 | mustard | mustard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 like | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 like | punct |
| 9 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 plant | amod |
| 10 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | nsubj |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 chemicals | amod |
| 13 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 chemicals | compound |
| 14 | chemicals | chemical | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 made | obj |
| 15 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 16 hearing | mark |
| 16 | hearing | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 made | advcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 recording | det |
| 18 | recording | recording | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hearing | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 caterpillars | case |
| 20 | caterpillars | caterpillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 recording | nmod |
| 21 | chewing | chew | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 caterpillars | acl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 have | punct |
| 23 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 have | nsubj |
| 24 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 made | parataxis |
| 25 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 26 ears | det |
| 26 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 have | obj |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 respond | cc |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 respond | aux |
| 29 | respond | respond | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 have | conj |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 vibrations | case |
| 31 | vibrations | vibration | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 respond | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | a small like plant | more defence chemicals | a experiment | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset chemical=Product | |||
| 2 | hear | gerund | a small like plant not said here | a recording of caterpillars | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer recording=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | chew | gerund | caterpillars not said here | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | have | present | plants | no ears | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient | ||||
| 5 | respond speech: other | can | plants not said here | to vibrations | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to vibration=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:252-plants-deeper-do-trees-talk-fungi-warning-smells-and-giant-clones.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/252-plants-deeper-do-trees-talk-fungi-warning-smells-and-giant-clones/16/