Plants deeper: do trees talk? Fungi, warning smells and giant clones, sentence 15

Plants make bitter or poisonous chemicals after being attacked; a chewed tomato plant makes its leaves harder to digest.

Who acts: Plants, chewed tomato plant · What happens: make, attack, chew, digest · To what, where: bitter chemicals, leaves

This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: do trees talk? Fungi, warning smells and giant clones» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plants, chewed tomato plant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 chemicals	amod
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 poisonous	cc
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bitter	conj
6	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
7	after	after	SCONJ	_	9 attacked	mark
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 attacked	aux:pass
9	attacked	attack	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 make	advcl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 makes	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 plant	det
12	chewed	chew	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 plant	amod
13	tomato	tomato	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 plant	compound
14	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 makes	nsubj
15	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 make	parataxis
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 leaves	nmod:poss
17	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 makes	obj
18	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	15 makes	xcomp
19	to	to	PART	_	20 digest	mark
20	digest	digest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 harder	advcl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	make	present	Plants	bitter chemicals		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset chemical=Product
2	attack	gerund · passive	Plants not said here			vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»
3	chew	participle				vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	make	present	a chewed tomato plant	grass's leaves	hard property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset leaf=Product
5	digest	to-infinitive	a chewed tomato plant not said here			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:252-plants-deeper-do-trees-talk-fungi-warning-smells-and-giant-clones.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/252-plants-deeper-do-trees-talk-fungi-warning-smells-and-giant-clones/15/