Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees, sentence 9

A tree adds one ring of wood each year, wide rings mean good wet years and thin rings dry or cold ones, and scientists use rings in old timbers to date buildings and learn about past weather.

Who acts: tree, wide rings, thin rings, scientists · What happens: add, mean, one, use, date, learn · To what, where: one ring, rings, old timbers, buildings

This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree, wide rings, thin rings, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tree	det
2	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 adds	nsubj
3	adds	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 ring	nummod
5	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 adds	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 wood	case
7	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ring	nmod
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 year	det
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 adds	obl:unmarked
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 mean	punct
11	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 rings	amod
12	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 mean	nsubj
13	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 adds	parataxis
14	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 years	amod
15	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 years	amod
16	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 mean	obj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 ones	cc
18	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 rings	amod
19	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 ones	nsubj
20	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 ones	amod
21	or	or	CCONJ	_	22 cold	cc
22	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 dry	conj
23	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 years	conj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 use	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 use	cc
26	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 use	nsubj
27	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 adds	parataxis
28	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 use	obj
29	in	in	ADP	_	31 timbers	case
30	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 timbers	amod
31	timbers	timber	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 rings	nmod
32	to	to	PART	_	33 date	mark
33	date	date	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 use	advcl
34	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 date	obj
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 learn	cc
36	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	33 date	conj
37	about	about	ADP	_	39 weather	case
38	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 weather	amod
39	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 learn	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 adds	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	present	a tree	one ring of wood		year		vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient
2	mean	present	wide rings			year		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	one		thin rings					tree rules
4	use	present	scientists	rings	old timbers			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient
5	date	to-infinitive	scientists not said here	buildings				vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent building=Co-Agent
6	learn	infinitive	scientists not said here				about past weather	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about weather=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/9/