The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life, sentence 13

Cells make copies of themselves by splitting in two, and your body makes millions of new cells every second.

Who acts: Cells, body · What happens: make, split, copy · To what, where: copies, two, millions, cells

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cells, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	copies	copy	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 themselves	case
5	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 copies	nmod
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 splitting	mark
7	splitting	split	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 make	advcl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 two	case
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 splitting	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 makes	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 makes	cc
12	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 body	nmod:poss
13	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 makes	nsubj
14	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 make	conj
15	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 makes	obj
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 cells	case
17	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 cells	amod
18	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 millions	nmod
19	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	20 second	det
20	second	second	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 makes	obl:unmarked
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	make	present	Cells	copies of cells			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset copy=Product
2	split	gerund	Cells not said here		two		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	make	present	your body	millions of new cells		second	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset million=Product
4	copy			cells = cell			nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/13/