The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life, sentence 2

A single cell can eat, move and make copies of itself by splitting in two; that is how your scraped knee heals, as new skin cells divide and fill the gap while the scab protects the wound on top.

Who acts: single cell, that, scraped knee, new skin cells, scab · What happens: eat, move, make, split, be, scrape · To what, where: copies, two, gap, wound, top, view

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single cell, that, scraped knee, new skin cells), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cell	det
2	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cell	amod
3	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eat	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 eat	aux
5	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 move	punct
7	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 eat	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 make	cc
9	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 move	conj
10	copies	copy	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 make	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 itself	case
12	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	10 copies	nmod
13	by	by	SCONJ	_	14 splitting	mark
14	splitting	split	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 make	advcl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 two	case
16	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 splitting	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 eat	punct
18	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	20 how	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 how	cop
20	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 eat	parataxis
21	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 knee	nmod:poss
22	scraped	scrape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 knee	amod
23	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 heals	nsubj
24	heals	heal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 how	acl:relcl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 divide	punct
26	as	as	SCONJ	_	30 divide	mark
27	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 cells	amod
28	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 cells	compound
29	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 divide	nsubj
30	divide	divide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 heals	advcl
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 fill	cc
32	fill	fill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 divide	conj
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 gap	det
34	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 fill	obj
35	while	while	SCONJ	_	38 protects	mark
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 scab	det
37	scab	scab	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 protects	nsubj
38	protects	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 fill	advcl
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 wound	det
40	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 protects	obj
41	on	on	ADP	_	42 top	case
42	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 wound	nmod
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 eat	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	eat	can	a single cell				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	move	infinitive	a single cell not said here				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	make	infinitive	a single cell not said here	copies of view			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset copy=Product
4	split	gerund	a single cell not said here		two		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	is	present	that			how property	tree rules
6	scrape	participle					vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
7	heal	present	your scraped knee				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
8	divide	present	new skin cells				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
9	fill	present	new skin cells not said here	the gap			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gap=Patient
10	protect	present	the scab	the wound	top		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Beneficiary
11	copy			view			nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/2/