The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life, sentence 3

Inside each cell's nucleus is DNA, a long instruction book that tells the cell what to do; stretched out, the DNA of one cell would be about two metres long, yet it is so thin and so tightly coiled that it fits into a space far smaller than a full stop.

Who acts: nucleus, long instruction book · What happens: be, tell, do, stretch out, fit · To what, where: DNA, cell, two metres, space · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nucleus, long instruction book), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Inside	inside	ADP	_	5 nucleus	case
2	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	3 cell	det
3	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 nucleus	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 cell	case
5	nucleus	nucleus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 DNA	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 DNA	cop
7	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 DNA	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 book	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 book	amod
11	instruction	instruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 book	compound
12	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 DNA	appos
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 tells	nsubj
14	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 book	acl:relcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 cell	det
16	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 tells	iobj
17	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	19 do	obj
18	to	to	PART	_	19 do	mark
19	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 tells	xcomp
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 stretched	punct
21	stretched	stretch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 DNA	parataxis
22	out	out	ADP	_	21 stretched	compound:prt
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 DNA	punct
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 DNA	det
25	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 stretched	obl
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 cell	case
27	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 cell	nummod
28	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 DNA	nmod
29	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 metres	aux
30	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	33 metres	cop
31	about	about	ADV	_	32 two	advmod
32	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 metres	nummod
33	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 DNA	nmod
34	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 metres	amod
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 thin	punct
36	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	40 thin	cc
37	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 thin	nsubj
38	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 thin	cop
39	so	so	ADV	_	40 thin	advmod
40	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 stretched	conj
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 coiled	cc
42	so	so	ADV	_	44 coiled	advmod
43	tightly	tightly	ADV	_	44 coiled	advmod
44	coiled	coiled	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 thin	conj
45	that	that	SCONJ	_	47 fits	mark
46	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 fits	nsubj
47	fits	fit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 coiled	advcl
48	into	into	ADP	_	50 space	case
49	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	50 space	det
50	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 fits	obl
51	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	52 smaller	advmod
52	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	50 space	amod
53	than	than	ADP	_	56 stop	case
54	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	56 stop	det
55	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	56 stop	amod
56	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 smaller	obl
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 DNA	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	each cell's nucleus	DNA				tree rules
2	tell speech: assert	present	a long instruction book		the cell			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent cell=Recipient clause=Topic
3	do not said to happen	to-infinitive	a long instruction book not said here					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
4	stretch out	participle		the DNA of one cell				vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	is a	would		two metres				tree rules
6	is	present	nucleus				thin property	tree rules
7	be		nucleus not said here				tightly property	tree rules
8	fit	present	nucleus			a space		vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into space=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/3/