The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life, sentence 5
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first saw tiny living things in water, which he called «animalcules», with homemade lenses in the 1670s.
Who acts: Antonie · What happens: see, call · To what, where: tiny living things, water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antonie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Antonie | Antonie | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | van | Van | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Antonie | flat |
| 3 | Leeuwenhoek | Leeuwenhoek | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Antonie | flat |
| 4 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 saw | advmod |
| 5 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 things | amod |
| 7 | living | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 things | amod |
| 8 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 saw | obj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 water | case |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 things | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 called | punct |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 called | obj |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 called | nsubj |
| 14 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 things | acl:relcl |
| 15 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 16 animalcules | punct |
| 16 | animalcules | animalcule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 called | xcomp |
| 17 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 16 animalcules | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 lenses | punct |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 lenses | case |
| 20 | homemade | homemade | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 lenses | amod |
| 21 | lenses | lens | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 things | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 1670s | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 1670s | det |
| 24 | 1670s | 1670 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 5 saw | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Antonie | tiny living things and homemade lenses | water | in the 1670s; first property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | call | past | Antonie | tiny living things and homemade lenses | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/5/