The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad, sentence 18
Some scientists think meeting many harmless germs outdoors and with animals trains a child's immune system, but this is still studied and never means skipping handwashing before eating or after the toilet.
Who acts: scientists, meeting · What happens: think, meet, train, study, not mean, skip · To what, where: many harmless germs, immune system, this, handwashing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, meeting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 scientists | det |
| 2 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 think | nsubj |
| 3 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | meeting | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 trains | csubj |
| 5 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 germs | amod |
| 6 | harmless | harmless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 germs | amod |
| 7 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 meeting | obj |
| 8 | outdoors | outdoors | ADV | _ | 4 meeting | advmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 animals | cc |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 animals | case |
| 11 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 outdoors | conj |
| 12 | trains | train | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 think | ccomp |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 child | det |
| 14 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 system | nmod:poss |
| 15 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 14 child | case |
| 16 | immune | immune | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 system | amod |
| 17 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 trains | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 studied | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 studied | cc |
| 20 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 studied | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 studied | aux:pass |
| 22 | still | still | ADV | _ | 23 studied | advmod |
| 23 | studied | study | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 think | conj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 means | cc |
| 25 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 26 means | advmod |
| 26 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 studied | conj |
| 27 | skipping | skip | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 means | xcomp |
| 28 | handwashing | handwash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 skipping | obj |
| 29 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 30 eating | mark |
| 30 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 handwashing | advcl |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 toilet | cc |
| 32 | after | after | ADP | _ | 34 toilet | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 toilet | det |
| 34 | toilet | toilet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 skipping | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 think | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | some scientists | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | meet | gerund | many harmless germs | outdoors property | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Co-Agent | ||||
| 3 | train | present | meeting | a child's immune system | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent system=Theme | ||||
| 4 | study | present · passive | this | still | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 5 | not mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 6 | skip not said to happen | gerund | handwashing | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handwash=Agent | |||||
| 7 | eat | gerund | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/18/