Whales, sentence 7
Whales breathe through a blowhole on top of the head, and the spout is warm wet breath forming a cloud of mist.
Who acts: Whales, spout, warm wet breath · What happens: breathe, be, form, cloud · To what, where: blowhole, warm wet breath, cloud, mist
This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whales, spout, warm wet breath), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 breathe | nsubj |
| 2 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | through | through | ADP | _ | 5 blowhole | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 blowhole | det |
| 5 | blowhole | blowhole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 breathe | obl |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 top | case |
| 7 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 blowhole | nmod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 head | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 head | det |
| 10 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 top | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 breath | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 breath | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 spout | det |
| 14 | spout | spout | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 breath | nsubj |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 breath | cop |
| 16 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 breath | amod |
| 17 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 breath | amod |
| 18 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 breathe | conj |
| 19 | forming | form | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 breath | acl |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 cloud | det |
| 21 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 forming | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 mist | case |
| 23 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cloud | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 breathe | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | breathe | present | Whales | a blowhole on top of the head | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the spout | warm wet breath | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | form | gerund | warm wet breath not said here | a cloud of mist | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cloud=Theme | ||||
| 4 | cloud | mist | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:026-whales.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/7/