Whales, sentence 6
Whales are mammals: they breathe air, are warm-blooded, give birth to live young and feed them milk.
Who acts: Whales, flukes · What happens: be, breathe, give, live, feed · To what, where: mammals, air, birth, milk, flukes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whales, flukes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 mammals | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 mammals | cop |
| 3 | mammals | mammal | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 breathe | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 breathe | nsubj |
| 6 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 mammals | parataxis |
| 7 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 breathe | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 blooded | punct |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 blooded | cop |
| 10 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 blooded | amod |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 warm | punct |
| 12 | blooded | blooded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 mammals | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 give | punct |
| 14 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 mammals | conj |
| 15 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 give | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 live | mark |
| 17 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 birth | acl |
| 18 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 live | xcomp |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 feed | cc |
| 20 | feed | feed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 live | conj |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 feed | iobj |
| 22 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 feed | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 mammals | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Whales | mammals | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | breathe | present | flukes = fluke | air | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | present | Whales not said here | blooded property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | give | present | Whales not said here | birth | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme | ||||
| 5 | live | to-infinitive | Whales not said here | birth not said here | young property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 6 | feed | infinitive | Whales not said here | milk | flukes = fluke | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient milk=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:026-whales.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/6/