The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts, sentence 13
Stomach acid is very strong and kills germs and breaks down food, and a thick layer of slime stops the stomach from digesting itself; the lining replaces itself every few days.
Who acts: Stomach acid, thick layer, stomach, lining · What happens: be, kill, break down, stop, digest, replace · To what, where: germs, food, stomach, lining
This is a sentence of the lesson «The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stomach acid, thick layer, stomach, lining), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stomach | stomach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 acid | compound |
| 2 | acid | acid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 strong | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 strong | cop |
| 4 | very | very | ADV | _ | 5 strong | advmod |
| 5 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 kills | cc |
| 7 | kills | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 strong | conj |
| 8 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 kills | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 breaks | cc |
| 10 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kills | conj |
| 11 | down | down | ADP | _ | 10 breaks | compound:prt |
| 12 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 breaks | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 stops | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 stops | cc |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 layer | det |
| 16 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 layer | amod |
| 17 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stops | nsubj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 slime | case |
| 19 | slime | slime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 layer | nmod |
| 20 | stops | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 strong | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 stomach | det |
| 22 | stomach | stomach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stops | obj |
| 23 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 24 digesting | mark |
| 24 | digesting | digest | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 stomach | acl |
| 25 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 24 digesting | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 replaces | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 lining | det |
| 28 | lining | lining | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 replaces | nsubj |
| 29 | replaces | replace | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 strong | parataxis |
| 30 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 29 replaces | obj |
| 31 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 days | det |
| 32 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 days | amod |
| 33 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 replaces | obl:unmarked |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 strong | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Stomach acid | strong property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | kill | present | Stomach acid not said here | germs | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme | ||||
| 3 | break down | present | Stomach acid not said here | food | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient | ||||
| 4 | stop | present | a thick layer of slime | the stomach | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality stomach=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | digest | gerund | the stomach not said here | stomach | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | replace | present | the lining | lining | day | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme itself=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/13/