The human body deeper: bones, muscles and skin, sentence 4
In cartoons like Tom and Jerry, Tom gets flattened like a pancake or shatters into pieces and pops back into shape a second later; real bones can break, and a broken bone needs a doctor, a cast and weeks of healing.
Who acts: real bones, broken bone · What happens: flatten, shatter, pop back, break, need · To what, where: Tom, cartoons, pieces, shape, doctor
This is a sentence of the lesson «The human body deeper: bones, muscles and skin» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (real bones, broken bone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 cartoons | case |
| 2 | cartoons | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 flattened | obl |
| 3 | like | like | ADP | _ | 4 Tom | case |
| 4 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 cartoons | nmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 Jerry | cc |
| 6 | Jerry | Jerry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Tom | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 cartoons | punct |
| 8 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 flattened | nsubj |
| 9 | gets | get | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 flattened | aux:pass |
| 10 | flattened | flatten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | like | like | ADP | _ | 13 pancake | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 pancake | det |
| 13 | pancake | pancake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 flattened | obl |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 shatters | cc |
| 15 | shatters | shatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 flattened | conj |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 17 pieces | case |
| 17 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 shatters | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 pops | cc |
| 19 | pops | pop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 shatters | conj |
| 20 | back | back | ADV | _ | 19 pops | advmod |
| 21 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 shape | case |
| 22 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 pops | obl |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 second | det |
| 24 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 later | obl:unmarked |
| 25 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 19 pops | advmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 flattened | punct |
| 27 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 bones | amod |
| 28 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 break | nsubj |
| 29 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 break | aux |
| 30 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 flattened | parataxis |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 needs | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 needs | cc |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 bone | det |
| 34 | broken | broken | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 bone | amod |
| 35 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 needs | nsubj |
| 36 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 break | conj |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 doctor | det |
| 38 | doctor | doctor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 needs | obj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 cast | punct |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 cast | det |
| 41 | cast | cast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 needs | obl |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 weeks | cc |
| 43 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 cast | conj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 healing | case |
| 45 | healing | healing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 weeks | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 flattened | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flatten | present · passive | Tom | cartoons like Tom and Jerry | like a pancake | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||
| 2 | shatter | present | into pieces result | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into piece=Result | |||||
| 3 | pop back | present | into shape result; late property | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into shape=Result | |||||
| 4 | break | can | real bones | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | need | present | a broken bone | a doctor | a cast and weeks of healing obl | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot doctor=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:263-human-body-deeper-bones-muscles-and-skin.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/263-human-body-deeper-bones-muscles-and-skin/4/