How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming, sentence 12
Camera traps take pictures when an animal moves past, which helps count rare animals such as snow leopards, and each snow leopard can be recognised by its own spot pattern.
Who acts: Camera traps, animal, own spot pattern, film · What happens: take, move, help, count, recognise, pattern · To what, where: pictures, rare animals, snow leopard
This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Camera traps, animal, own spot pattern, film), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Camera | camera | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 traps | compound |
| 2 | traps | trap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 take | nsubj |
| 3 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | pictures | picture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 take | obj |
| 5 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 8 moves | mark |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 animal | det |
| 7 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 moves | nsubj |
| 8 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 take | advcl |
| 9 | past | past | ADV | _ | 8 moves | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 helps | punct |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 helps | nsubj |
| 12 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 take | conj |
| 13 | count | count | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 helps | xcomp |
| 14 | rare | rare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 animals | amod |
| 15 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 count | obj |
| 16 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 19 leopards | case |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 16 such | fixed |
| 18 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 leopards | compound |
| 19 | leopards | leopard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 animals | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 recognised | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 recognised | cc |
| 22 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 leopard | det |
| 23 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 leopard | compound |
| 24 | leopard | leopard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 recognised | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 recognised | aux |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 recognised | aux:pass |
| 27 | recognised | recognise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 take | conj |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 pattern | case |
| 29 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 pattern | nmod:poss |
| 30 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 pattern | amod |
| 31 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 pattern | compound |
| 32 | pattern | pattern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 recognised | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 take | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present | Camera traps | pictures | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Theme | ||||
| 2 | move | present | a animal | past property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | help | present | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | count | infinitive | rare animals | such snow leopards | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme | ||||
| 5 | recognise | can · passive | film's own spot pattern | each snow leopard | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | pattern | film | nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/12/