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How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming, sentence 11

Wildlife filmmakers wait quietly in hides for weeks or months and use hidden cameras, drones and night cameras so as not to disturb animals; a single minute of film can take weeks.

Who acts: Wildlife filmmakers, single minute · What happens: wait, use, not disturb, take · To what, where: hides, hidden cameras, animals

This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wildlife filmmakers, single minute), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

compoundnsubjadvmodcaseoblcaseoblccconjccconjamodobjpunctconjcccompoundconjmarkmarkadvmodmarkadvclobjpunctdetamodnsubjcasenmodauxparataxisobjpunctrootWildlifeNOUNfilmmakersNOUNwaitVERBquietlyADVinADPhidesNOUNforADPweeksNOUNorCCONJmonthsNOUNandCCONJuseVERBhiddenADJcamerasNOUN,PUNCTdronesNOUNandCCONJnightNOUNcamerasNOUNsoSCONJasSCONJnotPARTtoPARTdisturbVERBanimalsNOUN;PUNCTaDETsingleADJminuteNOUNofADPfilmNOUNcanAUXtakeVERBweeksNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WildlifewildlifeNOUNNumber=Sing2 filmmakerscompound
2filmmakersfilmmakerNOUNNumber=Plur3 waitnsubj
3waitwaitVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4quietlyquietlyADV_3 waitadvmod
5ininADP_6 hidescase
6hideshideNOUNNumber=Plur3 waitobl
7forforADP_8 weekscase
8weeksweekNOUNNumber=Plur3 waitobl
9ororCCONJ_10 monthscc
10monthsmonthNOUNNumber=Plur8 weeksconj
11andandCCONJ_12 usecc
12useuseVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 waitconj
13hiddenhiddenADJDegree=Pos14 camerasamod
14camerascameraNOUNNumber=Plur12 useobj
15,,PUNCT_16 dronespunct
16dronesdroneNOUNNumber=Plur14 camerasconj
17andandCCONJ_19 camerascc
18nightnightNOUNNumber=Sing19 camerascompound
19camerascameraNOUNNumber=Plur14 camerasconj
20sosoSCONJ_24 disturbmark
21asasSCONJ_24 disturbmark
22notnotPARTPolarity=Neg24 disturbadvmod
23totoPART_24 disturbmark
24disturbdisturbVERBVerbForm=Inf12 useadvcl
25animalsanimalNOUNNumber=Plur24 disturbobj
26;;PUNCT_29 minutepunct
27aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art29 minutedet
28singlesingleADJDegree=Pos29 minuteamod
29minuteminuteNOUNNumber=Sing33 takensubj
30ofofADP_31 filmcase
31filmfilmNOUNNumber=Sing29 minutenmod
32cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin33 takeaux
33taketakeVERBVerbForm=Inf3 waitparataxis
34weeksweekNOUNNumber=Plur33 takeobj
35..PUNCT_3 waitpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1waitpresentWildlife filmmakershidesweekquietly propertyvn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hide=Location
2usepresentWildlife filmmakers not said herehidden cameras and drones and night camerasvn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camera=Patient
3not disturbto-infinitiveWildlife filmmakers not said hereanimalsvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer
4takecana single minute of filmweekvn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/11/