How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming, sentence 15
Some old nature films staged scenes, like a 1958 film that showed lemmings being pushed off a cliff, though real lemmings do not leap to their deaths; today good films tell you when a scene was filmed in a studio, a zoo or a special set.
Who acts: old nature films, 1958 film, real lemmings, good films, lemmings · What happens: stage, show, push off, not leap, tell, film · To what, where: scenes, lemmings, deaths, you, scene, studio · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old nature films, 1958 film, real lemmings, good films), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 films | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 films | amod |
| 3 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 films | compound |
| 4 | films | film | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 staged | nsubj |
| 5 | staged | stage | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 tell | parataxis |
| 6 | scenes | scene | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 staged | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 film | punct |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 film | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 film | det |
| 10 | 1958 | 1958 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 film | nummod |
| 11 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 scenes | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 showed | nsubj |
| 13 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 film | acl:relcl |
| 14 | lemmings | lemming | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 pushed | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 pushed | aux:pass |
| 16 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 showed | xcomp |
| 17 | off | off | ADP | _ | 16 pushed | compound:prt |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 cliff | det |
| 19 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 pushed | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 leap | punct |
| 21 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 26 leap | mark |
| 22 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 lemmings | amod |
| 23 | lemmings | lemming | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 leap | nsubj |
| 24 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 leap | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 leap | advmod |
| 26 | leap | leap | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 tell | parataxis |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 deaths | case |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 deaths | nmod:poss |
| 29 | deaths | death | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 leap | obl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 leap | punct |
| 31 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 tell | obl:unmarked |
| 32 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 films | amod |
| 33 | films | film | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 tell | nsubj |
| 34 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 34 tell | iobj |
| 36 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 40 filmed | advmod |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 scene | det |
| 38 | scene | scene | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 filmed | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 filmed | aux:pass |
| 40 | filmed | film | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 tell | ccomp |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 studio | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 studio | det |
| 43 | studio | studio | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 filmed | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 zoo | punct |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 zoo | det |
| 46 | zoo | zoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 studio | conj |
| 47 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 50 set | cc |
| 48 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 set | det |
| 49 | special | special | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 set | amod |
| 50 | set | set | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 studio | conj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 staged | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stage | past | some old nature films | scenes | like a 1958 film | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scene=Theme | |||
| 2 | show | past | a 1958 film | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | push off | gerund · passive | lemmings | a cliff obl | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not leap | present · do-support | real lemmings | lemmings's deaths | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to death=Destination | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | present | good films | you | today | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 6 | film | past · passive | a scene | a studio and a zoo or a special set | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in studio=Destination | ||||
| 7 | die | lemmings = lemming | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/15/