The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus, sentence 11

Scientists once thought sauropods had to live in lakes to hold up their weight, but footprints and leg bones show they walked on dry land.

Who acts: Scientists, sauropods, footprints · What happens: think, have, live, hold up, show, walk · To what, where: lakes, weight, dry land · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, sauropods, footprints), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 thought	nsubj
2	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 thought	advmod
3	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sauropods	sauropod	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	nsubj
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 thought	ccomp
6	to	to	PART	_	7 live	mark
7	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 had	xcomp
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 lakes	case
9	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 live	obl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 hold	mark
11	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 live	advcl
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 hold	compound:prt
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 weight	nmod:poss
14	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hold	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 show	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	21 show	cc
17	footprints	footprint	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 show	nsubj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 bones	cc
19	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 bones	compound
20	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 footprints	conj
21	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 thought	conj
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 walked	nsubj
23	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 show	ccomp
24	on	on	ADP	_	26 land	case
25	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 land	amod
26	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 walked	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 thought	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	Scientists			once property	vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	have	past	sauropods				tree rules
3	live	to-infinitive	sauropods not said here		lakes		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Location
4	hold up	to-infinitive	sauropods not said here	sauropods's weight			vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot weight=Theme
5	show	present	footprints and leg bones				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	walk	past	sauropods = sauropod		dry land		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/11/