Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes, sentence 6
Quill knobs on a Velociraptor arm bone show where large feathers were attached; small feathers leave no knobs, so a bone without knobs does not prove an animal had no feathers.
Who acts: Quill knobs, small feathers, bone, animal · What happens: show, attach, leave, not prove, have · To what, where: large feathers, knobs, feathers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Quill knobs, small feathers, bone, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Quill | quill | NOUN | _ | 2 knobs | compound |
| 2 | knobs | knob | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 show | nsubj |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 show | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 bone | det |
| 5 | Velociraptor | Velociraptor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 arm | compound |
| 6 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bone | compound |
| 7 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 knobs | nmod |
| 8 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 13 attached | advmod |
| 10 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 feathers | amod |
| 11 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 attached | nsubj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 attached | aux:pass |
| 13 | attached | attach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 show | ccomp |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 leave | punct |
| 15 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 feathers | amod |
| 16 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 leave | nsubj |
| 17 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 show | conj |
| 18 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 19 knobs | det |
| 19 | knobs | knob | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 leave | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 prove | punct |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 prove | advmod |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 bone | det |
| 23 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 prove | nsubj |
| 24 | without | without | ADP | _ | 25 knobs | case |
| 25 | knobs | knob | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 bone | nmod |
| 26 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 prove | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 prove | advmod |
| 28 | prove | prove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 leave | conj |
| 29 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 animal | det |
| 30 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 had | nsubj |
| 31 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 prove | ccomp |
| 32 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 33 feathers | det |
| 33 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 had | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 show | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | Quill knobs a arm bone | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | attach | past · passive | large feathers | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | leave | present | small feathers | no knobs | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knob=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not prove | present · do-support | a bone without knobs | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | have | past | a animal | no feathers | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor/6/