Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes, sentence 7

Raptors held their big curved toe claw off the ground while walking and probably used it to pin down prey, like hawks today.

Who acts: Raptors · What happens: hold, curve, walk, use, pin down · To what, where: big curved toe claw, claw, prey

This is a sentence of the lesson «Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Raptors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Raptors	raptor	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 held	nsubj
2	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 claw	nmod:poss
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 claw	amod
5	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 claw	amod
6	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 claw	compound
7	claw	claw	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 held	obj
8	off	off	ADP	_	10 ground	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ground	det
10	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 held	obl
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	12 walking	mark
12	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 held	advcl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 used	cc
14	probably	probably	ADV	_	15 used	advmod
15	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 held	conj
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 used	obj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 pin	mark
18	pin	pin	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 used	advcl
19	down	down	ADP	_	18 pin	compound:prt
20	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 pin	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 hawks	punct
22	like	like	ADP	_	23 hawks	case
23	hawks	hawk	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 held	obl
24	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 held	obl:unmarked
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 held	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	hold	past	Raptors	raptors's big curved toe claw	today	off the ground; like hawks	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Theme
2	curve	participle					vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
3	walk	gerund	Raptors not said here				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	use	past	Raptors not said here	claw		probably property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
5	pin down	to-infinitive	Raptors not said here	prey			vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor/7/