Dolphins, porpoises and seals, sentence 0
A dolphin is a small toothed whale with one blowhole, about 80 to 100 cone-shaped teeth it never chews with, and a brain that can sleep one half at a time while the other half keeps watch and remembers to breathe.
Who acts: dolphin, brain, other half · What happens: be, shape, not chew with, sleep, keep, remember · To what, where: small toothed whale, 80 cone shaped teeth, one half, watch
This is a sentence of the lesson «Dolphins, porpoises and seals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dolphin, brain, other half), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 dolphin | det |
| 2 | dolphin | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 whale | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 whale | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 whale | det |
| 5 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 whale | amod |
| 6 | toothed | toothed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 whale | amod |
| 7 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 blowhole | case |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 blowhole | nummod |
| 10 | blowhole | blowhole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 whale | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 teeth | punct |
| 12 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 80 | advmod |
| 13 | 80 | 80 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 teeth | nummod |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 100 | case |
| 15 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 cone | nummod |
| 16 | cone | cone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 teeth | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 cone | punct |
| 18 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 teeth | amod |
| 19 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 blowhole | appos |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 chews | nsubj |
| 21 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 chews | advmod |
| 22 | chews | chew | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 teeth | acl:relcl |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 chews | compound:prt |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 brain | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 brain | cc |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 brain | det |
| 27 | brain | brain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 whale | conj |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 sleep | nsubj |
| 29 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 sleep | aux |
| 30 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 brain | acl:relcl |
| 31 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 half | nummod |
| 32 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 30 sleep | obj |
| 33 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 time | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 time | det |
| 35 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 sleep | obl |
| 36 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 40 keeps | mark |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 half | det |
| 38 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 half | amod |
| 39 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 40 keeps | nsubj |
| 40 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 sleep | advcl |
| 41 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 keeps | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 remembers | cc |
| 43 | remembers | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 keeps | conj |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 breathe | mark |
| 45 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 remembers | xcomp |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 whale | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a dolphin | a small toothed whale and a brain | with one blowhole | tree rules | |||
| 2 | shape | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 3 | not chew with | present | dolphin | 80 cone shaped teeth not said here | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | ||||
| 4 | sleep | can | a brain | one half | time | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme | |||
| 5 | keep | present | the other half | watch | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent watch=Theme | ||||
| 6 | remember | present | the other half not said here | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | breathe | to-infinitive | the other half not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:027-dolphins-porpoises-and-seals.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/27-dolphins-porpoises-and-seals/0/