The asteroid: the day the dinosaurs died and who survived, sentence 16

There have been five great mass extinctions; the end of the dinosaurs was the most recent, and the biggest, 252 million years ago, killed about nine in ten sea species.

Who acts: five great mass extinctions, end · What happens: be, kill · To what, where: nine, ten sea species

This is a sentence of the lesson «The asteroid: the day the dinosaurs died and who survived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five great mass extinctions, end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 been	expl
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 been	aux
3	been	be	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 extinctions	nummod
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 extinctions	amod
6	mass	mass	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 extinctions	amod
7	extinctions	extinction	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 been	nsubj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 recent	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 end	det
10	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 recent	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 dinosaurs	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 dinosaurs	det
13	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 end	nmod
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 recent	cop
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 recent	det
16	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	17 recent	advmod
17	recent	recent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 extinctions	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 biggest	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 biggest	cc
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 biggest	det
21	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 extinctions	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 252	punct
23	252	252	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	24 million	compound
24	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	25 years	nummod
25	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 ago	obl:unmarked
26	ago	ago	ADV	_	28 killed	advmod
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 killed	punct
28	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 extinctions	parataxis
29	about	about	ADV	_	30 nine	advmod
30	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 killed	obj
31	in	in	ADP	_	34 species	case
32	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	34 species	nummod
33	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 species	compound
34	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 nine	nmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 been	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	be	present · perfect	five great mass extinctions		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	past	the end of the dinosaurs			recent property	tree rules
3	kill	past		nine	ten sea species	ago property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nine=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:271-the-asteroid-the-day-the-dinosaurs-died.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/271-the-asteroid-the-day-the-dinosaurs-died/16/