Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos, sentence 1

Woolly mammoths were a bit smaller than an African elephant, with long hair, small ears and curly tusks: small ears and thick fur keep heat in, just as a woolly hat and earmuffs do.

Who acts: Woolly mammoths, small ears · What happens: be, keep · To what, where: heat

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woolly mammoths, small ears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woolly	woolly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 mammoths	amod
2	mammoths	mammoth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 smaller	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 smaller	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bit	det
5	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 smaller	obl:unmarked
6	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	10 elephant	case
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 elephant	det
9	African	African	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 elephant	amod
10	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 smaller	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 smaller	punct
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 hair	case
13	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 hair	amod
14	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 smaller	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 ears	punct
16	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 ears	amod
17	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 hair	conj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 tusks	cc
19	curly	curly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 tusks	amod
20	tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 hair	conj
21	:	:	PUNCT	_	23 ears	punct
22	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 ears	amod
23	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 keep	nsubj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 fur	cc
25	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 fur	amod
26	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 ears	conj
27	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 smaller	parataxis
28	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 keep	obj
29	in	in	ADV	_	27 keep	advmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 hat	punct
31	just	just	ADV	_	38 do	advmod
32	as	as	SCONJ	_	38 do	mark
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 hat	det
34	woolly	woolly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 hat	amod
35	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 do	nsubj
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 earmuffs	cc
37	earmuffs	earmuff	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 hat	conj
38	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 keep	advcl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 smaller	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Woolly mammoths					than a African elephant; with long hair and small ears and curly tusks; a bit obl:unmarked; small property	tree rules
2	keep	present	small ears and thick fur	heat					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/1/