DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, sentence 1
The recipe is written with only four chemical letters, A, T, C and G, and the order of the rungs tells the cell how to build and run a body, just as the order of letters in a cake recipe tells you what to bake.
Who acts: order · What happens: write, tell, build, run, bake, order · To what, where: recipe, cell, body, you, rungs, letters · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (order), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 recipe | det |
| 2 | recipe | recipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 written | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 written | aux:pass |
| 4 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 letters | case |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 four | advmod |
| 7 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 letters | nummod |
| 8 | chemical | chemical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 letters | amod |
| 9 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 written | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 A | punct |
| 11 | A | A | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 letters | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 T | punct |
| 13 | T | T | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 A | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 C | punct |
| 15 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 A | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 G | cc |
| 17 | G | G | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 A | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tells | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 tells | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 order | det |
| 21 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tells | nsubj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 rungs | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 rungs | det |
| 24 | rungs | rung | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 order | nmod |
| 25 | tells | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 written | conj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 cell | det |
| 27 | cell | cell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tells | obj |
| 28 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 build | advmod |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 build | mark |
| 30 | build | build | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 tells | advcl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 run | cc |
| 32 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 build | conj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 body | det |
| 34 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 run | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 order | punct |
| 36 | just | just | ADV | _ | 46 tells | advmod |
| 37 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 46 tells | mark |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 order | det |
| 39 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 tells | nsubj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 letters | case |
| 41 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 order | nmod |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 tells | case |
| 43 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 recipe | det |
| 44 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 recipe | compound |
| 45 | recipe | recipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 tells | compound |
| 46 | tells | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 tells | advcl |
| 47 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 46 tells | iobj |
| 48 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 50 bake | obj |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 bake | mark |
| 50 | bake | bake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 tells | xcomp |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 written | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | present · passive | the recipe | with four chemical letters | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | present | the order of the rungs | the cell | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent cell=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | build | to-infinitive | the order of the rungs not said here | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | run | infinitive | the order of the rungs not said here | a body | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme body=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | present | the order of letters | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | bake not said to happen | to-infinitive | the order of letters not said here | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Product | |||||
| 7 | order | the rungs | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 8 | order | letters | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/1/