DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, sentence 11

Everyone except identical twins has slightly different DNA, so a sample from hair roots, skin or spit can identify a person and show who is related to whom.

Who acts: Everyone, sample · What happens: have, identify, show, be · To what, where: different DNA, person · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Everyone, sample), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 has	nsubj
2	except	except	ADP	_	4 twins	case
3	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 twins	amod
4	twins	twin	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Everyone	nmod
5	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	slightly	slightly	ADV	_	7 different	advmod
7	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 DNA	amod
8	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 identify	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	21 identify	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 sample	det
12	sample	sample	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 identify	nsubj
13	from	from	ADP	_	15 roots	case
14	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 roots	compound
15	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 sample	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 skin	punct
17	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 roots	conj
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 spit	cc
19	spit	spit	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 skin	conj
20	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 identify	aux
21	identify	identify	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 has	parataxis
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 person	det
23	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 identify	obj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 show	cc
25	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 identify	conj
26	who	who	PRON	PronType=Int	28 related	nsubj
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 related	cop
28	related	related	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 show	ccomp
29	to	to	ADP	_	30 whom	case
30	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Int	28 related	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Everyone	different DNA		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dna=Patient
2	identify	can	a sample from hair roots and skin or spit	a person		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme
3	show	infinitive	a sample from hair roots and skin or spit not said here			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	present			related property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/11/