Extinct forever: the dodo, the passenger pigeon, the thylacine and more, sentence 4
The dodo was a big flightless pigeon from Mauritius, with small wings it could not fly with, that lived with no predators; sailors, rats, pigs and monkeys arrived in the 1600s, and it was gone by about 1690.
Who acts: dodo, big flightless pigeon, sailors · What happens: be, not fly, live, arrive, go · To what, where: big flightless pigeon, Mauritius, small wings, 1600s, dodo
This is a sentence of the lesson «Extinct forever: the dodo, the passenger pigeon, the thylacine and more» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dodo, big flightless pigeon, sailors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 dodo | det |
| 2 | dodo | dodo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pigeon | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pigeon | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 pigeon | det |
| 5 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 pigeon | amod |
| 6 | flightless | flightless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 pigeon | amod |
| 7 | pigeon | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 Mauritius | case |
| 9 | Mauritius | Mauritius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 pigeon | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 wings | punct |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 wings | case |
| 12 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 wings | amod |
| 13 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pigeon | appos |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 fly | nsubj |
| 15 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 fly | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 fly | advmod |
| 17 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 wings | acl:relcl |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 fly | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 lived | punct |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 lived | nsubj |
| 21 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pigeon | acl:relcl |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 predators | case |
| 23 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 24 predators | det |
| 24 | predators | predator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 lived | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 sailors | punct |
| 26 | sailors | sailor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 arrived | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 rats | punct |
| 28 | rats | rat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 sailors | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 pigs | punct |
| 30 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 predators | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 monkeys | cc |
| 32 | monkeys | monkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 pigs | conj |
| 33 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pigeon | parataxis |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 1600s | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 1600s | det |
| 36 | 1600s | 1600 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 33 arrived | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 gone | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 gone | cc |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 gone | nsubj |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 gone | aux:pass |
| 41 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 arrived | conj |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 44 1690 | case |
| 43 | about | about | ADV | _ | 44 1690 | advmod |
| 44 | 1690 | 1690 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 gone | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 pigeon | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the dodo | a big flightless pigeon | Mauritius | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not fly | could | dodo | small wings not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme | ||||
| 3 | live | past | a big flightless pigeon | with no predators and pigs and monkeys | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with predator=Location | ||||
| 4 | arrive | past | sailors and rats | the 1600s | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | go | past · passive | dodo | by 1690 | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/4/