Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat, sentence 12
Microbes in a cow's stomach make methane, a gas that warms the planet; most of it leaves in burps, not farts, and farmers are testing seaweed in feed to cut it.
Who acts: Microbes, gas, most, farmers · What happens: make, warm, leave, test, cut · To what, where: methane, planet, burps, seaweed, feed
This is a sentence of the lesson «Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Microbes, gas, most, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Microbes | microbe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 make | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 stomach | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 cow | det |
| 4 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 stomach | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 cow | case |
| 6 | stomach | stomach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Microbes | nmod |
| 7 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | methane | methane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 make | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 warms | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 gas | det |
| 11 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 methane | appos |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 warms | nsubj |
| 13 | warms | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 gas | acl:relcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 planet | det |
| 15 | planet | planet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 warms | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 leaves | punct |
| 17 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 20 leaves | nsubj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 it | case |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 most | nmod |
| 20 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 make | parataxis |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 burps | case |
| 22 | burps | burp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 leaves | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 farts | punct |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 farts | advmod |
| 25 | farts | fart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 burps | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 testing | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 testing | cc |
| 28 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 testing | nsubj |
| 29 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 testing | aux |
| 30 | testing | test | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 farts | conj |
| 31 | seaweed | seaweed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 testing | obj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 feed | case |
| 33 | feed | feed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 testing | obl |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 cut | mark |
| 35 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 testing | advcl |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 cut | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 make | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Microbes in a cow's stomach | methane | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset methane=Product | ||||
| 2 | warm | present | a gas | the planet | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent planet=Patient | ||||
| 3 | leave | present | most of stomach | in burps and farts result | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in burp=Result | ||||
| 4 | test | present · progressive | farmers | seaweed | feed | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Theme | |||
| 5 | cut | to-infinitive | farmers not said here | seaweed | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat/12/