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Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds, sentence 14

Popcorn is a kind of maize with a hard shell and a little water inside; heat turns the water to steam, and the hard shell holds the steam in until it bursts the kernel.

Who acts: Popcorn, heat, hard shell · What happens: be, turn, hold, burst · To what, where: kind, water, steam, kernel

This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Popcorn, heat, hard shell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

nsubjcopdetcasenmodcasedetamodnmodccdetamodconjadvmodpunctnsubjparataxisdetobjcaseoblpunctccdetamodnsubjconjdetobjadvmodmarknsubjadvcldetobjpunctrootPopcornNOUNisAUXaDETkindNOUNofADPmaizeNOUNwithADPaDEThardADJshellNOUNandCCONJaDETlittleADJwaterNOUNinsideADV;PUNCTheatNOUNturnsVERBtheDETwaterNOUNtoADPsteamNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJtheDEThardADJshellNOUNholdsVERBtheDETsteamNOUNinADVuntilSCONJitPRONburstsVERBtheDETkernelNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1PopcornpopcornNOUNNumber=Sing4 kindnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 kindcop
3aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art4 kinddet
4kindkindNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
5ofofADP_6 maizecase
6maizemaizeNOUNNumber=Sing4 kindnmod
7withwithADP_10 shellcase
8aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 shelldet
9hardhardADJDegree=Pos10 shellamod
10shellshellNOUNNumber=Sing4 kindnmod
11andandCCONJ_14 watercc
12aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art14 waterdet
13littlelittleADJDegree=Pos14 wateramod
14waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing10 shellconj
15insideinsideADV_14 wateradvmod
16;;PUNCT_18 turnspunct
17heatheatNOUNNumber=Sing18 turnsnsubj
18turnsturnVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 kindparataxis
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 waterdet
20waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing18 turnsobj
21totoADP_22 steamcase
22steamsteamNOUNNumber=Sing18 turnsobl
23,,PUNCT_28 holdspunct
24andandCCONJ_28 holdscc
25thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 shelldet
26hardhardADJDegree=Pos27 shellamod
27shellshellNOUNNumber=Sing28 holdsnsubj
28holdsholdVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin18 turnsconj
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 steamdet
30steamsteamNOUNNumber=Sing28 holdsobj
31ininADV_28 holdsadvmod
32untiluntilSCONJ_34 burstsmark
33ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs34 burstsnsubj
34burstsburstVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin28 holdsadvcl
35thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art36 kerneldet
36kernelkernelNOUNNumber=Sing34 burstsobj
37..PUNCT_4 kindpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentPopcorna kindof maize; with a hard shell and a little watertree rules
2turnpresentheatthe watersteamvn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme to steam=Trajectory
3holdpresentthe hard shellthe steamvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steam=Theme
4burstpresentheatthe kernelvn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kernel=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/14/