Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds, sentence 14
Popcorn is a kind of maize with a hard shell and a little water inside; heat turns the water to steam, and the hard shell holds the steam in until it bursts the kernel.
Who acts: Popcorn, heat, hard shell · What happens: be, turn, hold, burst · To what, where: kind, water, steam, kernel
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Popcorn, heat, hard shell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Popcorn | popcorn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kind | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 kind | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 kind | det |
| 4 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 maize | case |
| 6 | maize | maize | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kind | nmod |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 shell | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 shell | det |
| 9 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 shell | amod |
| 10 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kind | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 water | cc |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 water | det |
| 13 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 water | amod |
| 14 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 shell | conj |
| 15 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 14 water | advmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 turns | punct |
| 17 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 turns | nsubj |
| 18 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 kind | parataxis |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 water | det |
| 20 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 turns | obj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 steam | case |
| 22 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 turns | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 holds | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 holds | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 shell | det |
| 26 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 shell | amod |
| 27 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 holds | nsubj |
| 28 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 turns | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 steam | det |
| 30 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 holds | obj |
| 31 | in | in | ADV | _ | 28 holds | advmod |
| 32 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 34 bursts | mark |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 bursts | nsubj |
| 34 | bursts | burst | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 holds | advcl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 kernel | det |
| 36 | kernel | kernel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 bursts | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 kind | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Popcorn | a kind | of maize; with a hard shell and a little water | tree rules | |||
| 2 | turn | present | heat | the water | steam | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme to steam=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | hold | present | the hard shell | the steam | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steam=Theme | ||||
| 4 | burst | present | heat | the kernel | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kernel=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/14/