Food from around the world: how crops travelled the globe, sentence 14
Pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves came from Asia and far islands; sailors risked their lives for them, and wars were fought over tiny nutmeg islands.
Who acts: Pepper, sailors · What happens: come, risk, fight · To what, where: Asia, lives, wars
This is a sentence of the lesson «Food from around the world: how crops travelled the globe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pepper, sailors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pepper | pepper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 came | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 cinnamon | punct |
| 3 | cinnamon | cinnamon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Pepper | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 nutmeg | punct |
| 5 | nutmeg | nutmeg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Pepper | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 cloves | cc |
| 7 | cloves | clove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Pepper | conj |
| 8 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Asia | case |
| 10 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 came | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 islands | cc |
| 12 | far | far | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 islands | amod |
| 13 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 Asia | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 risked | punct |
| 15 | sailors | sailor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 risked | nsubj |
| 16 | risked | risk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 came | parataxis |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 lives | nmod:poss |
| 18 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 risked | obj |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 them | case |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 risked | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 fought | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 fought | cc |
| 23 | wars | war | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 fought | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 fought | aux:pass |
| 25 | fought | fight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 risked | conj |
| 26 | over | over | ADP | _ | 29 islands | case |
| 27 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 islands | amod |
| 28 | nutmeg | nutmeg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 islands | compound |
| 29 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 fought | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Pepper and cinnamon and nutmeg and cloves | Asia and far islands | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from asia=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | risk | past | sailors | sailors's lives | for Pepper | vn risk-94-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Pivot | |||
| 3 | fight | past · passive | wars | over tiny nutmeg islands | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Co-Agent over island=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:289-food-from-around-the-world-how-crops-travelled-the-globe.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/289-food-from-around-the-world-how-crops-travelled-the-globe/14/