Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 14

Camels were tamed about 3,000 years ago and made desert trade possible; the hump stores fat, not water, and a thirsty camel can drink about 100 litres in about ten minutes.

Who acts: hump, thirsty camel · What happens: tame, make, store, drink · To what, where: Camels, desert trade, fat, 100 litres

This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hump, thirsty camel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Camels	camel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tamed	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 tamed	aux:pass
3	tamed	tame	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	about	about	ADV	_	5 3,000	advmod
5	3,000	3000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 years	nummod
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ago	obl:unmarked
7	ago	ago	ADV	_	3 tamed	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 made	cc
9	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 tamed	conj
10	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 trade	compound
11	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 made	obj
12	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 made	xcomp
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 stores	punct
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 hump	det
15	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 stores	nsubj
16	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 tamed	conj
17	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 stores	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 water	punct
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 water	advmod
20	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 fat	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 drink	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 drink	cc
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 camel	det
24	thirsty	thirsty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 camel	amod
25	camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 drink	nsubj
26	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 drink	aux
27	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 stores	conj
28	about	about	ADV	_	29 100	advmod
29	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	30 litres	nummod
30	litres	litre	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 drink	obj
31	in	in	ADP	_	34 minutes	case
32	about	about	ADV	_	33 ten	advmod
33	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	34 minutes	nummod
34	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 drink	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tamed	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	tame	past · passive		Camels		ago property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	make	past		desert trade		possible property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset trade=Product
3	store	present	the hump	fat and water			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Theme
4	drink	can	a thirsty camel	100 litres	minute		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/14/