Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 7

Zebras kick, bite and panic, and a working elephant in Asia, however gentle, was usually caught wild and trained, not tamed.

Who acts: Zebras · What happens: kick, bite, panic, work, catch, train · To what, where: working elephant

This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zebras), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Zebras	zebra	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 kick	nsubj
2	kick	kick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 bite	punct
4	bite	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 kick	conj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 panic	cc
6	panic	panic	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 kick	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 caught	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 elephant	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 elephant	det
10	working	work	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 elephant	amod
11	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 caught	nsubj:pass
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 Asia	case
13	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 elephant	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 elephant	punct
15	however	however	ADV	_	16 gentle	advmod
16	gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 elephant	amod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 elephant	punct
18	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 caught	aux:pass
19	usually	usually	ADV	_	20 caught	advmod
20	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 kick	conj
21	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 caught	xcomp
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 trained	cc
23	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 caught	conj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 tamed	punct
25	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 tamed	advmod
26	tamed	tame	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 trained	conj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 kick	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	kick	present	Zebras			vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
2	bite	present	Zebras not said here			vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	panic	present	Zebras not said here			vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	work	gerund				vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	catch	past · passive		a working elephant in Asia	usually, wild property	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
6	train	participle				vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
7	not tame	participle				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/7/